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Screening for HPV (human papillomavirus) is recommended as part of cervical cancer screening. Screening tests for the virus in people who have no symptoms.
If an HPV test is done by itself, and the result is positive (abnormal), the same sample can then be used to test for cell changes or abnormal cells.
E6 and E7 are proteins found on high-risk types of HPV viruses. Some HPV tests work by checking a sample for mRNA E6/E7, the instructions the virus uses to create these proteins. If the results of an HPV test say that mRNA E6/E7 was detected, it means the test is positive for HPV. Not all HPV tests look for these proteins. Some tests work by looking for the DNA of specific types of high-risk HPVs.
The American Cancer Society (草莓影视) recommends HPV testing as part of a cervical cancer screening plan. 草莓影视 recommends:
A primary HPV test is better at preventing cervical cancers than a Pap test that is done alone. Having a primary HPV test does not always add more unnecessary tests, which can happen when a co-test is done.
The most important thing to remember is to get screened regularly, no matter which test you get.
Learn more in The American Cancer Society Recommendations for the Prevention and Early Detection of Cervical Cancer Screening.
The FDA has only approved tests to find HPV in the cervix. Any abnormal (positive) results are managed with extra testing and prompt treatment if the infection causes abnormal cell growth.
Research is still being done on HPV tests for other parts of the body. For example:
There’s no useful test to find out a person’s “HPV status” because HPV can infect different parts of the body, and an HPV test result can change over a period of months or years.
The American Cancer Society medical and editorial content team
Our team is made up of doctors and oncology certified nurses with deep knowledge of cancer care as well as editors and translators with extensive experience in medical writing.
American Cancer Society. Cancer Prevention & Early Detection Facts & Figures 2023- 2024. American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA. 2023.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Human Papillomavirus (HPV). 2023. Accessed at https://www.cdc.gov/hpv/ on February 13, 2024.
Fontham, ETH, Wolf, AMD, Church, TR, et al. Cervical Cancer Screening for Individuals at Average Risk: 2020 Guideline Update from the American Cancer Society. CA Cancer J Clin. 2020. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21628.
Food and Drug Administration (FDA). HPV (human papillomavirus). Accessed at https://www.fda.gov/consumers/womens-health-topics/hpv-human-papillomavirus on February 13, 2024.
National Cancer Institute. HPV and Cancer. 2023. Accessed at https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/infectious-agents/hpv-and-cancer on February 13, 2024.
Saslow D, Andrews KS, Manassaram-Baptiste D, et al. Human papillomavirus vaccination 2020 guideline update: American Cancer Society guideline adaptation. CA Cancer J Clin. 2020; DOI: 10.3322/caac.21616.
Last Revised: June 3, 2024
American Cancer Society medical information is copyrighted material. For reprint requests, please see our Content Usage Policy.
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